核电温排水基准温度星地协同提取与分析-以宁德为例

核电温排水基准温度星地协同提取与分析-以宁德为例 Satellite-marine synergistic extraction and analysis of reference temperature of thermal plume from nuclear power – taking Ningde as an example 王雅萍 1 first-author 马秀秀 1 2 李家国 2 朱利 3 李凯云 2 河南理工大学 河南理工大学 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 生态环境部卫星环境应用中心 生态环境部卫星环境应用中心 核电在我国正式进入积极推进建设时期，而核电温排水对周边水域环境的影响监测与评估不仅为核电机组的规划、建设、运行等过程提供重要决策依据，同时也对海域水质和生态保护具有重要价值。客观精准的基准温度提取是温排水热污染遥感监测与评估的基础，本文以宁德核电站星地同步监测为例，通过对72个离散测量点位温度垂直剖面特征进行分析，将其划分为7种不同剖面形态，从中归纳出稳定温度点，并据此构建基准温度星地协同提取“实测稳定温度法”，解决以往地面测量监测和热红外遥感监测在实施过程中基准温度计算相互独立、未进行星地协同处理，致使监测结果可比较性相对较弱等问题。研究结果表明，基于实测稳定温度法提取得到的温排水星地同步监测结果从分布范围、强度到扩散趋势最为一致，提取效果明显优于其他基准温度提取方法；实测稳定温度法监测星地面积差异最小，为1.53 km2，相对于其它方法精度提高了4~10倍，而多点平均温度法(近岸多点)、取水口温度法、邻近区域温度替代法、校正的海湾平均法、半径区域平均温度法(5 km半径)、温升混合区最低温度法的星地面积差异分别为11.95 km2、11.12 km2、7.69 km2、6.61 km2、8.46 km2和14.93 km2。实测稳定温度法能够更客观、准确的提取核电站温排水热污染分布范围和大小，在核电温排水热污染监测中具有重要的应用价值。 Nuclear power has officially entered a period of actively promoting construction in China. The monitoring and assessment of the impact of thermal plume from nuclear power on the surrounding water environment not only provides important decision-making basis for the planning, construction and operation of nuclear power generating units, but also has significant value for marine water quality and ecological protection. The objective and accurate reference temperature extraction is the basis for remote sensing monitoring and evaluation of thermal pollution of thermal plume. In this paper, the satellite-marine synergistic monitoring of Ningde nuclear power plant is taken as an example. Based on the analysis of the vertical profile characteristics of 72 discrete temperature measurement points, it is divided into 7 different profiles morphology, from which the stable temperature points are summarized. According to this, a satellite-marine synergistic extraction method of reference temperature (the measured stable temperature method) is constructed. The measured stable temperature method can solve some problems of the reference temperature settings in the implementation process of previous marine measurement monitoring and thermal infrared remote sensing monitoring, such as the independence of reference temperature calculation and the lack of satellite-marine synergistic processing, which makes the comparability of monitoring results relatively weak. The research results show that: the results of satellite-marine synchronous monitoring from thermal plume extracted by the measured stable temperature method are the most consistent from the distribution range, intensity to diffusion trend, and the extraction effect is significantly better than other reference temperature extraction methods. The measured stable temperature method has the smallest difference in satellite-marine monitoring area, which is 1.53 km2. Compared with other methods, the accuracy is improved by 4~10 times. However, the satellite-marine area difference of multi-point average temperature method (alongshore multi-point), inlet temperature method, neighborhood temperature substitution method, corrected bay average method, radius area average temperature method (5 km radius), minimum temperature method of temperature rise mixing zone are 11.95 km2, 11.12 km2, 7.69 km2, 6.61 km2, 8.46 km2, 14.93 km2 respectively. The measured stable temperature method can objectively and accurately extract the distribution range and size of thermal pollution of thermal plume from nuclear power plant, which has important application value in thermal pollution monitoring of thermal plume from nuclear power plant. 温排水，星地协同，GF-5，基准温度，热污染 thermal plume, satellite-marine synergy, GF-5, reference temperature, thermal pollution 10.11834/jrs.20210583 2020-12-23 2021-02-28 2021-10-21