Infrared limb sounding technique can detect many species of trace gases; it is an important method forth remote observation of the middle and upper atmosphere of the Earth. The development process of infrared limb sounding and its applications are reviewed in this study to make people focus on limb observation technology and to promote the technology’s development in China. This study focuses on eight infrared limb sounders

namely

LRIR

LIMS

SAMS

ISAMS

CLAES

MIPAS

HIRDLS

and TES

and introduces the characteristics of these instruments and their detectable species in chronological order. The inversion algorithms of infrared limb sounding are also described. Lastly

the applications of these limb sounders are summarized. Since 1975

after more than 40 years of development

the detection capability

refrigeration technology

forward model

and inversion algorithm mofinfrared limb sounders have significantly improved. Currently

these instruments can detect numerous species and have high inversion accuracy

long in-orbit life

and broad application scope. The applications of infrared limb sounding are divided into four parts

namely

detection of trace gas

cloud and aerosol

gravity wave

polar vortex

and the non-local thermodynamic equilibrium effect

especially its outstanding contributions to O3 and its related trace gas detection.The development of infrared limb sensors has provided a rich dataset of global coverage atmosphere profile. Infrared limb sensors play an irreplaceable role in studying the stratosphere ozone

polar ozone loss

and the ozone chemical reaction mechanism with stratospheric clouds and aerosols. However

being affected by clouds and aerosols

the limb detection range hardly reaches the lower troposphere. Infrared limb instruments also have a short on-orbit life. Data fusion technology should be investigated to form a long sequence of observed data for environment and climate change research.