结合空间—光谱信息的快速自训练高光谱遥感影像分类

金垚; 董燕妮; 杜博

doi:10.11834/jrs.20232286

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结合空间—光谱信息的快速自训练高光谱遥感影像分类
Fast self-training based on spatial-spectral information for hyperspectral image classification
2024年28卷第1期页码：219-230
纸质出版日期： 2024-01-07 ，
DOI： 10.11834/jrs.20232286

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金垚，董燕妮，杜博.2024.结合空间—光谱信息的快速自训练高光谱遥感影像分类.遥感学报，28（1）： 219-230

Jin Y，Dong Y N and Du B. 2024. Fast self-training based on spatial-spectral information for hyperspectral image classification. National Remote Sensing Bulletin， 28（1）：219-230
金垚，董燕妮，杜博.2024.结合空间—光谱信息的快速自训练高光谱遥感影像分类.遥感学报，28（1）： 219-230 DOI： 10.11834/jrs.20232286.

Jin Y，Dong Y N and Du B. 2024. Fast self-training based on spatial-spectral information for hyperspectral image classification. National Remote Sensing Bulletin， 28（1）：219-230 DOI： 10.11834/jrs.20232286.

摘要

自训练方法被广泛应用于高光谱影像分类任务中以解决标记样本获取困难的问题。传统的自训练方法不仅忽略了高光谱影像所能提供的空间信息，导致最终分类精度受到影响；同时在每次迭代过程中都需要完成一次对未标记数据的分类任务，导致需要大量的时间成本。因此，针对上述问题，本文提出了一种基于空间—光谱信息的快速自训练方法用于高光谱影像分类。与传统的自训练方法不同，该方法在迭代过程中使用空间—光谱信息对未标记数据进行筛选完成标记样本的扩充，而不是使用分类器对未标记样本进行分类。首先针对初始标记样本使用空间邻域块选择空间近邻点，然后使用自适应阈值对空间近邻点进行二次筛选得到空谱近邻点赋予标记，最后根据扩充后的标记样本对分类器进行训练完成分类任务。结果表明，在Washington DC Mall Subimage 高光谱数据集中每类分别选择2个和10个训练样本时，整体分类精度分别达到了93.17%和95.43%；而在Indian Pines数据集中整体分类精度分别达到了59.75%和86.13%。我们提出的结合空间—光谱信息的快速自训练方法和对比方法相比，我们的方法有明显的提升。

Abstract

Hyperspectral image classification has been a popular issue in the field of hyperspectral image interpretation. The prominent problem in hyperspectral image classification currently involves the considerably time-consuming and expensive manual acquisition of labeled samples for hyperspectral images in practical applications. This problem leads to a sparse number of training samples and increases the difficulty of obtaining good classification results. Self-training methods are widely used in hyperspectral image classification to solve the difficulty in labeled sample acquisition in hyperspectral image classification. Traditional self-training methods mostly use spectral information to classify unlabeled samples and then utilize the expanded labeled data set to iteratively train the classifier to complete the classification task. In this model

the spatial information provided by the hyperspectral images is ignored

resulting in poor classification accuracy. Simultaneously

the classification of unlabeled data must be completed once during each iteration

resulting in a significant time cost. Therefore

a fast self-training method based on spatial–spectral information is proposed in this paper for hyperspectral image classification to address the above problems.

FST-SS (Fast Self-training based on Spatial-Spectral information) supplements the spatial information in hyperspectral images by exploiting the consistency of the spatial distribution of features in the hyperspectral images. Instead of using the classifier to classify unlabeled samples

this approach uses the spatial–spectral information to filter unlabeled data and extend the labeled samples during the iterative process. The spatial nearest neighbors are first selected using a spatial domain patch for the initial labeled sample. The spatial nearest neighbors are then filtered using an adaptive threshold to obtain the spatial–spectral nearest neighbors to be labeled. Finally

the classifier is trained to complete the classification task based on the expanded labeled samples.

This paper compares FST-SS with the supervised classification algorithm 1NN

the semi-supervised classification algorithm Star-SVM

Tri-Training

ST-DP

and LeMA on two real hyperspectral datasets to demonstrate the effectiveness of FST-SS. Experimental results show that the overall classification accuracy reaches 93.17% and 95.43% when 2 and 10 training samples

respectively

are selected for each class in the Washington DC Mall subimage dataset. The overall classification accuracy in Indian Pines dataset reaches 59.75% and 86.13%

which is a significant improvement compared with the comparison algorithm.

The FST-SS algorithm uses the spatial–spectral information provided by hyperspectral images to label unlabeled samples by combining the ideas of self-training methods. Compared with the conventional self-training methods

instead of using a classifier for classification

FST-SS uses the spatial–spectral information to filter the unlabeled samples directly

which markedly improves the computational efficiency of the algorithm.

关键词

高光谱遥感半监督分类小样本问题空间—光谱信息自训练方法

Keywords

hyperspectral image classificationsemi-supervised classificationspatial-spectral informationself-training

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